My artistic practice is inspired by nature, civilization, displacement, ethnic conflict, and questions of identity. It is deeply rooted in both memory and geography, brought to life through materials gathered during my travels—sand, seashells, driftwood, and spices from my birthplace.
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I have visited many archaeological sites across South Asia, the Middle East, and the Caribbean islands, but the La Rozel Neanderthal site was uniquely exciting and profoundly significant for my artistic field. This was my first visit as both an archaeologist and a discoverer, and working on it was truly unforgettable. Guided through the site’s story and history, I took photographs and left with Dominique Cliquet’s book on Le Rozel, carrying the experience forward in memory and research.

That day, the sun did not set—it shone brightly, holding back the rain. On the dry earth, Neanderthal footprints appeared with striking clarity. Seagulls circled above, as if guarding the site until my arrival. The atmosphere of the forest, the breeze from the sea—unchanged since their time—connected present and past in a single moment.

The Rozel site, located on the western coast of the Cotentin Peninsula (Manche, France), is one of the most remarkable Paleolithic complexes in Western Europe. Dated to approximately 80,000 years ago, it has yielded an exceptional corpus of remains linked to Neanderthal occupation. Its outstanding significance lies in the extraordinary preservation of habitation surfaces, including Neanderthal hand and footprints—an exceptionally rare occurrence in the global archaeological record.

Archaeological excavations, initiated in the 1960s and conducted systematically since the 2010s, have revealed the remarkable integrity of the occupation layers. Unlike most prehistoric sites, which primarily yield tools or faunal remains, Le Rozel preserves direct traces of human presence: footprints and handprints of adults, adolescents, and children. These ichnological records suggest a small group of about ten to fifteen individuals who frequented or resided at the site.

Situated at the base of an Armorican sandstone cliff, the site lies in an area of intense erosional processes. Stratigraphic analysis shows alternating sandy and silty deposits, sealing and protecting archaeological surfaces. These conditions enabled the fossilization of activity zones and movement paths, largely undisturbed post-deposition.

Excavations, directed by Dominique Cliquet and his team (CNRS, INRAP, Regional Archaeology Service), revealed:

• a rich lithic assemblage dominated by flint flakes and Mousterian scrapers,
  
• faunal remains of large herbivores (horse, aurochs, deer) with butchery marks,
  
• constructed hearths, attesting to fire mastery for cooking and spatial organization.
  

Together, these finds confirm the residential function of the site, interpreted as a temporary encampment associated with hunting and carcass processing.

The most striking contribution of Le Rozel is the discovery of several hundred footprints and handprints attributed to Neanderthals. Morphometric and biometric analyses indicate a group composition of around fifteen individuals, spanning adults, adolescents, and children. These ichnological records provide a rare window into group demography and the spatial organization of daily activities.

Le Rozel offers unprecedented insights into the social and economic dynamics of Neanderthal groups in northwestern Europe. The preservation of entire habitation surfaces allows for detailed behavioral reconstructions in situ, whereas most Mousterian sites preserve only fragmentary evidence. It also illustrates the adaptability of Neanderthals to Atlantic coastal environments during a climatic transition toward glacial conditions.​

The Paleolithic site of Le Rozel represents a key milestone in Neanderthal studies. Its combination of stratigraphic, lithic, faunal, and ichnological data makes it a unique laboratory for Paleolithic archaeology. Given its fragility under the threat of marine erosion, safeguarding efforts—including 3D digitization and timely publication of findings—remain critical to preserving this irreplaceable heritage.

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